Poland’s Eastern Buffer Zone

Regardless of cultural and civilizational differences, Poland’s grand strategy viewed Russia as the landlocked continental power, whose core area was surrounded by five external powers: Sweden, Poland, Turkey, Persia and China – all located in the intermediate zone between Eurasian Heartland and Rimland. And the Russia proper was separated from them by buffer zone aka ‘borderlands’. In the Polish history they were referred to as the “Eastern Frontier.”